600 Best ESL Conversation Questions on Talking About Social Issues

Learning to talk about social issues in English is crucial for ESL students. It helps them understand societal problems, express opinions on important issues, and engage in meaningful conversations about topics such as equality, justice, and human rights.

ESL teachers can use these conversation questions to help students practice speaking and participating in regular chats about social issues, including poverty, discrimination, environmental sustainability, and global challenges. These questions are excellent for enhancing vocabulary and boosting self-esteem in discussing complex and sensitive topics.

This resource has 600 questions in 10 categories for all skill levels, from beginners to advanced learners, ensuring that every student can participate. These questions create fun and interactive learning experiences when used in varied speaking exercises like class debates, group discussions, or presentations.

By using these questions in the classroom, students will improve their ability to talk about social issues in English. This will help them become more empathetic, informed, and effective communicators in various settings.

This set of 600 social issues conversation questions, divided into 10 categories and six proficiency levels, is a valuable tool for ESL teachers to educate on speaking skills and promote discussions about social issues among ESL students.

Category 1: Talking About Social Issues (Equality and Diversity)

Beginner (A1):

1. What does “equality” mean to you?
2. Can you name some ways people are different from each other?
3. Why is it important to treat everyone fairly?
4. Have you ever helped someone who was treated unfairly? What did you do?
5. Do you think boys and girls should have the same opportunities? Why or why not?
6. How do you say “fairness” in your language?
7. What can we do to make sure everyone feels included?
8. Is it okay to be friends with people who are different from you? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of a time when someone was kind to you? What happened?
10. Why do you think some people are treated differently because of how they look?

Elementary (A2):

1. Do you think everyone should be treated the same? Why or why not?
2. What are some things people can do to be more fair to each other?
3. Have you ever experienced discrimination? How did it make you feel?
4. What does “diversity” mean? Why is it important?
5. Can you name some ways people can show respect to each other?
6. How can we help someone who is being treated unfairly?
7. Should schools teach students about treating others equally? Why or why not?
8. What do you think would happen if everyone treated each other with kindness?
9. How do you feel when you see someone being treated unfairly?
10. Why is it important to learn about different cultures and traditions?

Intermediate (B1):

1. In what areas of life do you think there is still inequality?
2. What role can governments play in promoting equality and diversity?
3. How does inequality affect communities?
4. Can you think of any historical events related to equality movements?
5. How does media influence our understanding of diversity?
6. What are some common stereotypes people face? How can we combat them?
7. Do you believe in affirmative action policies? Why or why not?
8. What can individuals do to contribute to a more inclusive society?
9. How do you think education can help reduce discrimination?
10. What are some challenges faced by marginalized groups in society?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How can workplaces promote diversity and inclusion?
2. Do you think there should be laws to protect people from discrimination? Why or why not?
3. What impact does income inequality have on society?
4. Can you think of any successful diversity initiatives in your country?
5. How does systemic racism affect different aspects of society?
6. What are some examples of privilege? How can people leverage their privilege for good?
7. Should there be quotas for women and minorities in leadership positions? Why or why not?
8. How can we address discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity?
9. What are the pros and cons of multiculturalism?
10. How can we ensure equal access to opportunities for all individuals?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do globalization and cultural exchange impact diversity?
2. What are the root causes of discrimination? How can we address them?
3. Can you discuss a social movement that has led to positive change in your country?
4. How does intersectionality affect experiences of discrimination?
5. Should there be limits on free speech to protect marginalized groups?
6. How do social media platforms influence perceptions of diversity?
7. What role do privilege and power dynamics play in perpetuating inequality?
8. How can we reconcile the tension between preserving cultural traditions and promoting diversity?
9. Can you discuss a controversial affirmative action policy and its implications?
10. How can individuals work to dismantle systemic inequalities in their communities?

Proficient (C2):

1. How do cultural norms and values impact perceptions of equality?
2. What are some ethical considerations in addressing systemic injustices?
3. How can we foster allyship across different social groups?
4. Can you analyze the role of education in perpetuating or challenging stereotypes?
5. What are the implications of gentrification on marginalized communities?
6. How do international organizations contribute to global efforts for equality?
7. Can you discuss the concept of reparations for historical injustices?
8. How does globalization affect indigenous cultures and rights?
9. What are the limitations of identity politics in advancing social justice?
10. How can we create sustainable, long-term solutions to promote equality and diversity?

Category 2: Talking About Environmental Concerns

Beginner (A1):

1. What does “environment” mean to you?
2. Why is it important to keep our planet clean?
3. Can you name some things we can recycle?
4. Have you ever planted a tree? Why is it important?
5. How do you say “pollution” in your language?
6. What can we do to save water at home?
7. Why is it important to protect animals and plants?
8. Is it okay to throw trash on the ground? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to reduce energy use at home?
10. Why do we need clean air to breathe?

Elementary (A2):

1. What are some ways people can help the environment?
2. How does pollution harm animals and plants?
3. Have you ever participated in a beach or park clean-up? What was it like?
4. What are some effects of climate change?
5. Can you name some endangered animals? Why are they endangered?
6. How can we reduce plastic waste in our daily lives?
7. Should cars that produce a lot of pollution be banned? Why or why not?
8. What can communities do to reduce littering?
9. How can we protect natural habitats from destruction?
10. Why is it important to recycle paper and cardboard?

Intermediate (B1):

1. How do human activities contribute to deforestation?
2. What are the consequences of deforestation for the environment?
3. Can you discuss the importance of biodiversity?
4. How can individuals reduce their carbon footprint?
5. What role do renewable energy sources play in combating climate change?
6. How can governments encourage sustainable practices?
7. Should there be stricter regulations on plastic production and usage? Why or why not?
8. Can you explain the concept of sustainable agriculture?
9. What are some alternatives to single-use plastics?
10. How can we raise awareness about environmental issues in our communities?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. What are the main causes of air pollution in urban areas?
2. Can you discuss the impact of climate change on vulnerable communities?
3. How can we promote conservation of natural resources?
4. What are the challenges and benefits of transitioning to renewable energy?
5. How does overfishing affect marine ecosystems?
6. Should individuals be held responsible for their carbon emissions? Why or why not?
7. Can you explain the concept of carbon offsetting?
8. What role does the fashion industry play in environmental degradation?
9. How can we address the issue of food waste?
10. What are the ethical implications of environmental conservation efforts?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do multinational corporations contribute to environmental degradation?
2. Can you discuss the impact of urbanization on wildlife habitats?
3. What are the potential consequences of ocean acidification?
4. How can we mitigate the effects of plastic pollution in the oceans?
5. Can you analyze the effectiveness of international environmental agreements?
6. What are the social justice implications of climate change?
7. How do cultural attitudes influence environmental behavior?
8. Can you discuss the role of indigenous communities in environmental conservation?
9. What are the economic costs of environmental degradation?
10. How can we foster a more sustainable relationship between humans and the environment?

Proficient (C2):

1. How do geopolitical tensions affect international cooperation on environmental issues?
2. Can you evaluate the role of technology in addressing environmental challenges?
3. What are the ethical considerations of geoengineering as a solution to climate change?
4. How do environmental issues intersect with other social justice movements?
5. Can you discuss the impact of environmental racism on marginalized communities?
6. What are the implications of the loss of biodiversity for human society?
7. How can we reconcile economic growth with environmental sustainability?
8. Can you analyze the role of the media in shaping public perceptions of environmental issues?
9. What are some potential solutions to the global water crisis?
10. How can individuals and communities adapt to the impacts of climate change?

Category 3: Talking About Healthcare Access

Beginner (A1):

1. Why is it important to see a doctor when you’re sick?
2. What are some ways to stay healthy?
3. Can you name some common illnesses?
4. Have you ever been to a hospital? What was it like?
5. How do you say “health” in your language?
6. What can we do to prevent getting sick?
7. Why is it important to eat nutritious food?
8. Is it okay to share medicine with others? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to stay safe and avoid accidents?
10. Why should we wash our hands regularly?

Elementary (A2):

1. How does healthcare work in your country?
2. What are some reasons people might not go to the doctor when they’re sick?
3. Have you ever had a vaccination? Why are they important?
4. What are some ways to stay mentally healthy?
5. Can you name some healthcare professionals and their roles?
6. How can we make healthcare more accessible to everyone?
7. Should healthcare be free for everyone? Why or why not?
8. What can communities do to promote healthy living?
9. How do you feel when you’re sick? What do you do to feel better?
10. Why is it important to listen to your body and rest when you’re not feeling well?

Intermediate (B1):

1. What are some barriers to accessing healthcare in different parts of the world?
2. Can you discuss the role of preventative care in maintaining health?
3. How does socioeconomic status impact access to healthcare?
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of universal healthcare systems?
5. How can technology improve access to healthcare services?
6. What are some challenges faced by rural communities in accessing healthcare?
7. Should governments invest more in mental health services? Why or why not?
8. Can you explain the concept of healthcare disparities?
9. How does cultural diversity influence healthcare practices?
10. What are some innovative approaches to providing healthcare in remote areas?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How do political factors influence healthcare policy decisions?
2. Can you discuss the role of pharmaceutical companies in healthcare access?
3. What are some ethical considerations in healthcare resource allocation?
4. How can we address the issue of healthcare affordability?
5. Can you analyze the impact of privatization on healthcare systems?
6. What role do community health centers play in providing care to underserved populations?
7. Should healthcare coverage include alternative medicine? Why or why not?
8. How can we ensure equitable distribution of healthcare resources during emergencies?
9. What are the challenges of providing healthcare to undocumented immigrants?
10. How can education and health literacy improve access to healthcare?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do cultural beliefs and practices influence healthcare decision-making?
2. Can you discuss the role of corruption in hindering access to healthcare?
3. What are the implications of medical tourism on healthcare systems?
4. How can we address the issue of healthcare workforce shortages?
5. Can you analyze the impact of globalization on healthcare access?
6. What role do non-governmental organizations play in improving healthcare access?
7. How do public-private partnerships affect healthcare delivery?
8. Can you evaluate the effectiveness of telemedicine in expanding access to care?
9. What are the challenges of providing mental healthcare in emergency settings?
10. How can we ensure healthcare access for marginalized and vulnerable populations?

Proficient (C2):

1. How does the commodification of healthcare affect access and quality of care?
2. Can you discuss the role of lobbying in shaping healthcare policies?
3. What are the ethical implications of medical experimentation in underserved communities?
4. How can we address healthcare disparities related to race and ethnicity?
5. Can you analyze the impact of globalization on healthcare workforce migration?
6. What are some strategies for improving healthcare infrastructure in developing countries?
7. How do environmental factors contribute to health disparities?
8. Can you evaluate the role of international aid in improving healthcare access in low-resource settings?
9. What are the challenges of providing comprehensive reproductive healthcare services?
10. How can we achieve universal healthcare coverage while ensuring sustainability and equity?

Category 4: Talking About Education Opportunities

Beginner (A1):

1. Why is school important?
2. What do you like about learning?
3. Can you name some school subjects?
4. Have you ever been to a library? What did you do there?
5. How do you say “education” in your language?
6. What can we learn from teachers?
7. Why is it important to study hard?
8. Is it okay to ask questions in class? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to help classmates who are struggling?
10. Why should everyone have the chance to go to school?

Elementary (A2):

1. What are some reasons people might drop out of school?
2. How do you feel when you learn something new?
3. Have you ever had a favorite teacher? What made them special?
4. What subjects do you find challenging? Why?
5. Can you name some skills you learn in school besides academic subjects?
6. How can parents support their children’s education?
7. Should schools offer extracurricular activities? Why or why not?
8. What can students do to make the most of their education?
9. How do you feel when you succeed at something in school?
10. Why is it important to respect your classmates and teachers?

Intermediate (B1):

1. How does the quality of education vary between urban and rural areas?
2. Can you discuss the importance of vocational training programs?
3. What role does technology play in modern education?
4. How can we address disparities in educational resources?
5. Can you analyze the impact of standardized testing on education?
6. What are the benefits of multicultural education?
7. Should schools teach financial literacy? Why or why not?
8. How do societal expectations influence educational choices?
9. What are the challenges faced by students with disabilities in accessing education?
10. How can education empower individuals to achieve their goals?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How do educational policies differ between countries?
2. Can you discuss the role of private schools in education systems?
3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of homeschooling?
4. How can we promote lifelong learning in society?
5. Can you analyze the impact of socioeconomic status on educational attainment?
6. What role do extracurricular activities play in holistic education?
7. Should education be tailored to individual learning styles? Why or why not?
8. How can we improve teacher training programs?
9. What are some innovative approaches to education reform?
10. How can education contribute to social mobility?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do cultural values influence educational priorities?
2. Can you discuss the impact of globalization on education systems?
3. What are the challenges of providing education in conflict zones?
4. How can we address the digital divide in education?
5. Can you analyze the role of education in promoting sustainable development?
6. What are the implications of privatization on public education?
7. How does the curriculum shape students’ worldview?
8. Can you evaluate the effectiveness of alternative education models?
9. What role should students play in shaping educational policies?
10. How can education systems adapt to meet the needs of a rapidly changing world?

Proficient (C2):

1. How does education contribute to social cohesion and democracy?
2. Can you discuss the role of education in fostering critical thinking skills?
3. What are the ethical considerations of educational technology use?
4. How can we address the issue of educational inequality on a global scale?
5. Can you analyze the impact of neoliberal policies on education?
6. What role does education play in addressing climate change and environmental sustainability?
7. How can we integrate multicultural perspectives into the curriculum?
8. Can you evaluate the role of private philanthropy in shaping educational initiatives?
9. What are some strategies for promoting inclusive education for marginalized groups?
10. How can education empower individuals to be active citizens and agents of change?

Category 5: Talking About Economic Disparities

Beginner (A1):

1. What is money used for?
2. Why do people work?
3. Can you name some things you can buy with money?
4. Have you ever saved money to buy something special?
5. How do you say “poverty” in your language?
6. What can we do to help people who don’t have enough money?
7. Why is it important to share what we have with others?
8. Is it okay to waste money? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to save money at home?
10. Why should everyone have enough to eat and a place to live?

Elementary (A2):

1. What are some differences between rich and poor people?
2. How does having money affect people’s lives?
3. Have you ever donated to charity? Why or why not?
4. What are some jobs that don’t pay much money?
5. Can you name some ways people can earn money besides having a job?
6. How can we help homeless people in our community?
7. Should everyone be paid the same amount of money for their work? Why or why not?
8. What are some things people can do to improve their financial situation?
9. How do you feel when you see someone begging for money?
10. Why is it important to have fair wages for workers?

Intermediate (B1):

1. How do economic disparities affect communities?
2. Can you discuss the impact of globalization on income inequality?
3. What role do government policies play in reducing poverty?
4. How does access to education contribute to economic mobility?
5. Can you analyze the factors that contribute to the gender pay gap?
6. What are the challenges faced by low-income families in accessing healthcare?
7. Should there be a minimum wage? Why or why not?
8. How do economic downturns affect vulnerable populations?
9. What are some strategies for promoting financial literacy?
10. How can we address the cycle of poverty in disadvantaged neighborhoods?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How do tax policies affect income distribution?
2. Can you discuss the impact of automation on employment opportunities?
3. What are the ethical considerations of income redistribution policies?
4. How does access to affordable housing impact economic disparities?
5. Can you analyze the relationship between education debt and socioeconomic status?
6. What role do international trade agreements play in economic inequality?
7. Should there be limits on CEO salaries? Why or why not?
8. How can we promote entrepreneurship in underserved communities?
9. What are the implications of wealth concentration for democracy?
10. How can we address the growing gap between the rich and the poor?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do economic disparities intersect with other forms of inequality?
2. Can you discuss the impact of regressive taxation on low-income families?
3. What are the consequences of monopolies on market competition?
4. How can we promote sustainable economic development in developing countries?
5. Can you analyze the role of inheritance in perpetuating wealth inequality?
6. What are some strategies for combating corporate tax evasion and offshore banking?
7. How do economic disparities affect social cohesion and political stability?
8. Can you evaluate the effectiveness of social welfare programs in reducing poverty?
9. What role should philanthropy play in addressing economic inequalities?
10. How can we create a more equitable distribution of wealth and resources globally?

Proficient (C2):

1. How do neoliberal economic policies contribute to income inequality?
2. Can you discuss the impact of financialization on the economy and society?
3. What are the implications of income inequality for healthcare outcomes?
4. How can we address the racial wealth gap and systemic racism in economic systems?
5. Can you analyze the impact of corporate lobbying on economic policies?
6. What are some alternative economic models for promoting equity and sustainability?
7. How do economic disparities intersect with environmental degradation?
8. Can you evaluate the role of international aid in addressing global poverty?
9. What are the consequences of economic inequality for intergenerational mobility?
10. How can we create inclusive economic systems that prioritize human well-being over profit?

Category 6: Talking About Human Rights

Beginner (A1):

1. What are human rights?
2. Why is it important to treat everyone with respect?
3. Can you name some basic rights that everyone should have?
4. Have you ever helped someone who was treated unfairly?
5. How do you say “rights” in your language?
6. What can we do to help people who are in danger?
7. Why is it important to listen to others and their opinions?
8. Is it okay to hurt someone’s feelings? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to promote kindness and empathy?
10. Why should everyone have the freedom to express themselves?

Elementary (A2):

1. What are examples of human rights violations?
2. How do laws protect human rights?
3. Have you ever stood up for someone’s rights? What did you do?
4. What are some ways to raise awareness about human rights issues?
5. Can you name some organizations that work to protect human rights?
6. How can we help refugees and asylum seekers?
7. Should everyone have access to clean water and food? Why or why not?
8. What can we do to stop discrimination and prejudice?
9. How do you feel when you see someone being treated unfairly?
10. Why should everyone have the right to education?

Intermediate (B1):

1. How do cultural norms affect perceptions of human rights?
2. Can you discuss the role of the United Nations in promoting human rights?
3. What are the challenges of enforcing human rights laws?
4. How do economic disparities impact the enjoyment of human rights?
5. Can you analyze the relationship between human rights and democracy?
6. What are some examples of civil rights movements in history?
7. Should there be limits on freedom of speech to protect human rights? Why or why not?
8. How can we address human trafficking and modern slavery?
9. What role does social media play in raising awareness about human rights issues?
10. How can individuals advocate for human rights in their communities?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How do human rights intersect with environmental sustainability?
2. Can you discuss the impact of globalization on human rights?
3. What are the implications of technology on privacy rights?
4. How can we ensure the rights of indigenous peoples are protected?
5. Can you analyze the effectiveness of international human rights treaties?
6. What role does education play in promoting a culture of human rights?
7. Should corporations be held accountable for human rights violations? Why or why not?
8. How do human rights violations affect peace and security?
9. What are some strategies for promoting gender equality and women’s rights?
10. How can we address human rights abuses in conflict zones?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do authoritarian regimes suppress human rights?
2. Can you discuss the impact of mass surveillance on civil liberties?
3. What are the ethical considerations of humanitarian interventions in protecting human rights?
4. How can we address the issue of statelessness and the rights of refugees?
5. Can you analyze the role of non-state actors in advancing human rights agendas?
6. What are the challenges of protecting digital rights in the age of technology?
7. How do human rights intersect with the rights of animals and environmental conservation?
8. Can you evaluate the role of truth and reconciliation commissions in addressing past human rights abuses?
9. What are the implications of extrajudicial killings and disappearances on human rights?
10. How can we ensure accountability for human rights violations at both the national and international levels?

Proficient (C2):

1. How do human rights principles apply to emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence?
2. Can you discuss the impact of terrorism and counter-terrorism measures on human rights?
3. What are some strategies for promoting LGBTQ+ rights and combating discrimination?
4. How can we address systemic racism and racial injustice from a human rights perspective?
5. Can you analyze the role of humanitarian aid in protecting the rights of displaced persons?
6. What are the challenges of protecting human rights in the context of armed conflict and humanitarian crises?
7. How do economic sanctions impact the human rights of affected populations?
8. Can you evaluate the role of international criminal justice mechanisms in prosecuting perpetrators of human rights abuses?
9. What are the implications of the rise of authoritarianism on global human rights norms?
10. How can individuals and communities leverage social movements to advance human rights agendas?

Category 7: Talking About Community Engagement

Beginner (A1):

1. What is a community?
2. Why is it important to help others in your community?
3. Can you name some ways to make your neighborhood better?
4. Have you ever participated in a community event? What was it like?
5. How do you say “community” in your language?
6. What can we do to be good neighbors?
7. Why is it important to listen to what others in your community have to say?
8. Is it okay to litter in your community? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to make new people feel welcome in your community?
10. Why should everyone work together to solve community problems?

Elementary (A2):

1. How can you get involved in your community?
2. What are some benefits of volunteering in your community?
3. Have you ever helped clean up a park or playground? What did you do?
4. What are some ways to support local businesses in your community?
5. Can you name some community leaders? What do they do?
6. How can we promote safety in our community?
7. Should everyone participate in community meetings? Why or why not?
8. What can we do to make public spaces more enjoyable for everyone?
9. How do you feel when you see people working together in your community?
10. Why is it important to take care of public property?

Intermediate (B1):

1. How do community organizations contribute to social cohesion?
2. Can you discuss the role of neighborhood watch programs in ensuring safety?
3. What are the challenges of fostering a sense of belonging in diverse communities?
4. How can communities support vulnerable populations such as the elderly or homeless?
5. Can you analyze the impact of gentrification on community dynamics?
6. What role does civic engagement play in community development?
7. Should communities have their own recycling programs? Why or why not?
8. How can we bridge divides and build unity in divided communities?
9. What are some strategies for promoting inclusivity and diversity in community spaces?
10. How can communities advocate for local issues and concerns?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How do digital technologies influence community engagement and activism?
2. Can you discuss the role of community gardens in promoting food security?
3. What are the implications of urbanization on community infrastructure and resources?
4. How can communities address social isolation and loneliness among residents?
5. Can you analyze the impact of community policing initiatives on crime prevention?
6. What role should community-based organizations play in disaster response and recovery?
7. Should communities have a say in urban planning and development projects? Why or why not?
8. How can we promote intergenerational relationships and activities in communities?
9. What are the challenges of maintaining community traditions in a rapidly changing world?
10. How can communities foster a sense of environmental stewardship and sustainability?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do social movements influence community change and activism?
2. Can you discuss the role of community-based participatory research in addressing local issues?
3. What are the ethical considerations of community development projects in marginalized areas?
4. How can communities address systemic inequalities and discrimination within their own structures?
5. Can you analyze the impact of community land trusts on affordable housing initiatives?
6. What are some innovative approaches to community-based healthcare delivery?
7. How do communities respond to gentrification and displacement of long-term residents?
8. Can you evaluate the effectiveness of restorative justice programs in community settings?
9. What are the challenges of building sustainable community economies?
10. How can communities foster cultural preservation and celebrate diversity?

Proficient (C2):

1. How do community narratives and storytelling shape collective identity and memory?
2. Can you discuss the role of community art projects in promoting social cohesion and expression?
3. What are the implications of community-based renewable energy initiatives on climate action?
4. How can communities address systemic racism and promote racial equity?
5. Can you analyze the impact of community land trusts on combating housing speculation and displacement?
6. What role does community-based education play in promoting lifelong learning and empowerment?
7. How do communities respond to environmental justice issues and pollution burdens?
8. Can you evaluate the role of community-led movements in advancing human rights agendas?
9. What are some strategies for promoting intercultural dialogue and understanding in communities?
10. How can communities navigate the tensions between preserving tradition and embracing innovation?

Category 8: Talking About Cultural Identity

Beginner (A1):

1. What is culture?
2. Why is it important to learn about different cultures?
3. Can you name some things that are part of your culture?
4. Have you ever celebrated a cultural holiday? What did you do?
5. How do you say “culture” in your language?
6. What can we learn from people who have a different culture than ours?
7. Why is it important to respect other people’s customs and traditions?
8. Is it okay to make fun of someone’s culture? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to celebrate diversity in your community?
10. Why should we learn to appreciate cultural differences?

Elementary (A2):

1. What are some cultural traditions in your country?
2. How does music and dance reflect cultural identity?
3. Have you ever worn traditional clothing? How did it make you feel?
4. What are some traditional foods in your culture?
5. Can you name some famous landmarks or symbols of your culture?
6. How can we share our culture with others?
7. Should schools teach students about different cultures? Why or why not?
8. What can we learn from stories and legends of different cultures?
9. How do you feel when you learn something new about another culture?
10. Why is it important to preserve cultural heritage?

Intermediate (B1):

1. How does language shape cultural identity?
2. Can you discuss the role of religion in shaping cultural practices?
3. What are some challenges faced by immigrants in preserving their cultural identity?
4. How does globalization impact cultural diversity?
5. Can you analyze the influence of colonialism on cultural identity?
6. What role do cultural festivals play in maintaining cultural identity?
7. Should cultural appropriation be considered offensive? Why or why not?
8. How can we promote cultural exchange and understanding in a multicultural society?
9. What are some ways to address stereotypes and misconceptions about different cultures?
10. How can individuals navigate conflicts between their cultural identity and societal expectations?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How do diaspora communities maintain ties to their cultural heritage?
2. Can you discuss the concept of hybrid cultural identities in multicultural societies?
3. What are the implications of cultural relativism in understanding cultural practices?
4. How does media representation influence perceptions of cultural identity?
5. Can you analyze the impact of globalization on indigenous cultures and languages?
6. What role does cultural diplomacy play in international relations?
7. Should cultural artifacts be returned to their countries of origin? Why or why not?
8. How can we address the commodification of culture in the tourism industry?
9. What are some strategies for preserving endangered languages and cultural traditions?
10. How can individuals reconcile multiple cultural identities within themselves?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do power dynamics influence the construction of cultural narratives?
2. Can you discuss the impact of cultural hegemony on marginalized communities?
3. What are the implications of cultural assimilation policies on indigenous peoples?
4. How does cultural memory shape collective identity and historical narratives?
5. Can you analyze the role of cultural preservation in post-conflict reconciliation?
6. What are the challenges of revitalizing and reclaiming indigenous languages and knowledge systems?
7. Should cultural appropriation be regulated by law? Why or why not?
8. How can cultural institutions promote diversity and inclusivity in their programming?
9. What role does cultural heritage play in sustainable development and tourism management?
10. How can individuals act as cultural ambassadors and bridge cultural divides?

Proficient (C2):

1. How do transnational cultural flows impact local cultural identities?
2. Can you discuss the role of cultural memory in shaping intergenerational relationships?
3. What are the implications of cultural hybridity for notions of authenticity and tradition?
4. How can cultural policies promote social cohesion and intercultural dialogue?
5. Can you analyze the role of cultural trauma in shaping collective memory and identity?
6. What are the challenges of preserving intangible cultural heritage in a globalized world?
7. How does cultural resistance manifest in the face of cultural hegemony?
8. Can you evaluate the role of cultural diplomacy in promoting peace and understanding between nations?
9. What are some ethical considerations in the repatriation of cultural artifacts?
10. How can individuals engage in cultural activism to challenge oppressive systems and narratives?

Category 9: Talking About Gender Equality

Beginner (A1):

1. What does it mean to treat everyone equally?
2. Why is it important for boys and girls to have the same opportunities?
3. Can you name some jobs that both men and women can do?
4. Have you ever played with toys that are typically for the opposite gender? What were they?
5. How do you say “gender equality” in your language?
6. What can we do to make sure everyone is treated fairly?
7. Why is it important to respect people regardless of their gender?
8. Is it okay to make fun of someone because of their gender? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to promote gender equality in your school?
10. Why should boys and girls have the same rights and responsibilities?

Elementary (A2):

1. What are some stereotypes about boys and girls? Are they true?
2. How does it feel when someone tells you that you can’t do something because of your gender?
3. Have you ever seen a man doing a job that is usually done by a woman? What was it?
4. What are some things that boys and girls can do together?
5. Can you name some famous women who have achieved great things? What did they do?
6. How can we challenge gender stereotypes?
7. Should boys and girls have the same rules at home? Why or why not?
8. What can we do to support girls who want to study science and boys who want to study arts?
9. How do you feel when you see someone being treated unfairly because of their gender?
10. Why is it important for everyone to have the same opportunities regardless of their gender?

Intermediate (B1):

1. How does gender inequality manifest in education, employment, and politics?
2. Can you discuss the concept of gender roles and how they influence behavior?
3. What are some examples of institutional sexism in society?
4. How can we promote gender diversity in traditionally male-dominated fields?
5. Can you analyze the impact of gender pay gaps on economic inequality?
6. What role does media representation play in shaping perceptions of gender?
7. Should there be quotas to ensure gender representation in leadership positions? Why or why not?
8. How can we address gender-based violence and discrimination?
9. What are the challenges faced by transgender and non-binary individuals in society?
10. How can we promote positive masculinity and femininity without reinforcing stereotypes?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How do intersecting identities such as race and class affect experiences of gender inequality?
2. Can you discuss the impact of gender stereotypes on mental health and self-esteem?
3. What are the implications of gender-based violence on public health and safety?
4. How does the #MeToo movement contribute to discussions about gender equality?
5. Can you analyze the role of patriarchy in perpetuating gender discrimination?
6. What are some strategies for promoting gender-sensitive education and curriculum?
7. Should parental leave policies be gender-neutral? Why or why not?
8. How can we address the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields and leadership roles?
9. What role should men play in advocating for gender equality?
10. How can we create inclusive spaces for LGBTQ+ individuals within gender equality movements?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do legal frameworks and policies impact gender equality outcomes?
2. Can you discuss the role of intersectional feminism in addressing multiple forms of oppression?
3. What are the ethical considerations of gender selection and reproductive technologies?
4. How does gender inequality intersect with environmental degradation and climate change?
5. Can you analyze the impact of gender-based discrimination in healthcare settings?
6. What are the consequences of misogynistic attitudes in online spaces and social media?
7. How can we address the gender data gap and improve data collection on gender issues?
8. What role should men play in challenging toxic masculinity and promoting gender equity?
9. What are some strategies for promoting women’s leadership and political participation?
10. How can we dismantle patriarchal structures and create more equitable societies?

Proficient (C2):

1. How do feminist theories inform understandings of gender inequality and social change?
2. Can you discuss the role of reproductive rights and bodily autonomy in gender equality?
3. What are the implications of global supply chains on women’s labor rights and empowerment?
4. How does gender inequality intersect with disability rights and accessibility?
5. Can you analyze the impact of colonialism and imperialism on gender relations and power dynamics?
6. What are some innovative approaches to addressing gender-based violence and harassment?
7. How can we promote gender-sensitive policymaking and implementation?
8. What role should men play as allies in feminist movements and gender equality initiatives?
9. What are the consequences of gender disparities in access to education and healthcare?
10. How can we envision a future society where gender equality is fully realized?

Category 10: Talking About Political Participation

Beginner (A1):

1. What does it mean to vote?
2. Why is it important to have a say in how your country is run?
3. Can you name some people who lead your country?
4. Have you ever talked about politics with your family? What did you talk about?
5. How do you say “politics” in your language?
6. What can we do to make sure our voices are heard?
7. Why is it important to listen to what politicians have to say?
8. Is it okay to ignore what’s happening in your country? Why or why not?
9. Can you think of ways to help make your community better through politics?
10. Why should everyone have the right to vote?

Elementary (A2):

1. What are some ways people can get involved in politics?
2. How does the government make decisions that affect everyone?
3. Have you ever seen a protest or demonstration? What was it about?
4. What are some rights that people have in your country?
5. Can you name some symbols of your country’s government?
6. How can we learn about different political parties?
7. Should children learn about politics in school? Why or why not?
8. What can we do to help people who are treated unfairly by the government?
9. How do you feel when you hear about elections and voting?
10. Why is it important for everyone to have a say in how the country is run?

Intermediate (B1):

1. How do different forms of government work?
2. Can you discuss the role of political parties in representing citizens’ interests?
3. What are the responsibilities of elected officials?
4. How can citizens hold their government accountable?
5. Can you analyze the impact of money in politics?
6. What role does the media play in shaping political opinions?
7. Should voting be mandatory? Why or why not?
8. How can we address voter apathy and increase voter turnout?
9. What are the benefits of political activism and advocacy?
10. How can we ensure that marginalized groups are represented in politics?

Upper Intermediate (B2):

1. How does the electoral system work in your country?
2. Can you discuss the role of lobbying and special interest groups in influencing politics?
3. What are the challenges of political polarization in society?
4. How can we promote political education and civic engagement?
5. Can you analyze the impact of social media on political discourse and participation?
6. What role should international organizations play in promoting democracy and political participation?
7. Should there be term limits for elected officials? Why or why not?
8. How can we address voter suppression and ensure equal access to the voting process?
9. What are the implications of gerrymandering on electoral fairness?
10. How can individuals engage in grassroots organizing and community activism?

Advanced (C1):

1. How do electoral systems impact representation and democracy?
2. Can you discuss the role of direct democracy and citizen initiatives in governance?
3. What are the ethical considerations of campaign finance reform?
4. How does globalization influence national politics and sovereignty?
5. Can you analyze the role of political ideologies in shaping policy agendas?
6. What are the consequences of political corruption on democratic institutions?
7. How can we promote transparency and accountability in government?
8. What role does civil society play in promoting political participation and democratic values?
9. What are the implications of digital citizenship and online activism for political engagement?
10. How can we address the erosion of trust in political institutions and leadership?

Proficient (C2):

1. How do comparative political systems inform our understanding of democracy?
2. Can you discuss the role of constitutionalism and the rule of law in democratic governance?
3. What are the challenges of promoting political participation in authoritarian regimes?
4. How does identity politics intersect with broader political movements and mobilization?
5. Can you analyze the impact of globalization on democratic backsliding and populism?
6. What are some strategies for promoting intercultural dialogue and understanding in politics?
7. How can we address the influence of misinformation and disinformation on political discourse?
8. What role should international actors play in supporting democratic transitions and institution-building?
9. What are the implications of political polarization for social cohesion and democratic stability?
10. How can we build resilient democratic institutions that withstand challenges and threats?

Conclusion

By integrating these 600 conversation questions about social issues into your lessons, you can help ESL students enhance their ability to discuss important societal topics in English.

This will foster a deeper understanding of social issues and improve their confidence in daily conversations. Utilizing these questions in different speaking activities will make learning interactive and impactful, ultimately helping students build their vocabulary and boost their confidence.

Use this resource to teach speaking skills effectively and support your students in becoming empathetic and informed communicators about social issues.